Information Systems and Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Data Systems and Organization - Essay Example There is no quantitative examination for the subjective issue, rather, SSM at its most essential structure, is the subjective investigation that loans to an answer. Tajino and Smith (2005) portray how SSM varies from a hard quantitative methodology on the grounds that the issues are in regards to human action frameworks and the way in which HAS are comprehensively related with the individuals in a circumstance. The center competency of SSM is to fathom that the model is the human action frameworks that drive clashes and an explanatory way to deal with qualifying the abstract data into an arrangement of goals. The world perspective on SSM is comprised, made or built by the ideas we use in our perceptions of and articulations about the world (Christis p 11. 2005). In Checkland and Stoles seven phase model, as portrayed by Tajino and Smith (2005) the principal stage in SSM is to picture the circumstance, in spite of the fact that this is valid for most examination and critical thinking techniques, Checkland and Stoles take this somewhat farther to arrange the experimental and abstract proof into the optional stage, which is the difficult circumstance, characterized by the previously mentioned proof. The third stage inclines to the genuine language of the framework, the way where the framework creates to finish a goals, and this progression is the root meaning of the pertinent and intentional action frameworks that are occupied with the specific issue. The root definition is the place the Weltanschauung gets comprehended from the underlying drivers that change the issues element. Stage four is again framework language obtrusive, this is the reasonable model of the procedures named in the root definition; in short this is where the apparent world is improved and broken into its different however unpredictably interrelated parts. In stage five, the calculated model is contrasted and the truth of the world, and used to contrast stage four and stage two, with the successful plan to take into account a basic meaning of the applied model that is an attainable model for human activities, and this plausibility is additionally investigated in stage six. Stage six creates on the characteristic and attractive changes that are achievable inside the genuine area of human associations and human connections. The end to SSM comes in stage seven, where activities for development are distinguished. In the gathering venture A, we analyzed ESCO Ltd and made a SSM investigation. The systems of the application were in accordance with the means, where the issue was muddled and afterward distinguished. A CATWOE examination the constitution of those individual components in the framework helps with building up a thorough root definition, and from that investigation, the root definition viewing ESCO's issues were expressed as: An ESCO claimed and staffed framework which is leaded by three divisions comprehends and manages the client grievances; offers progressing help and upkeep to clients through the framework; gives client and staff preparing program; attempts that method and alter whenever required and release clients when suitable. Where the calculated model when contrasted with the rich picture noticed some concerned issues that ought to be featured. Absence of Communication-a

Companies Listed In Tehran Stock Exchange -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Companies Listed In Tehran Stock Exchange? Answer: Introducation In this situation, the FCF has no development rate after 2009. The FCF is determined by getting the contrast between working incomes and putting away incomes for the gave years. With the assistance of this estimation, it is conceivable to register the limiting component esteems and from that point forward, rebate rate is duplicated for acquiring the PV until 2009. So as to register CV, FCF got for 2009 is isolated by the pace of markdown. This worth has helped in ascertaining PV of CV by the estimation of the limiting element for the most recent year. Contingent upon this, the EV is determined by partitioning the estimation of FCF every year and afterward, CV is included separated by the estimation of limiting variable after 2009. As the estimation of all out obligation is given, it is deducted from EV so as to determine the value esteem. What's more, the contextual investigation gives both market cost per offer and number of exceptional offers. In view of this data, the estimation of value is separated by extraordinary offers giving the book esteem per share. At last, the book esteem per share is partitioned by the market esteem per offer to acquire the worth to-value proportion (Chong et al., 2017). In this situation, the FCF has development pace of 3% after 2009. In this manner, for this issue, the CV and PV from the past part are thought of. This means the CV esteem is foreseen to rise. The calculation of the new CV is processed by duplicating the CV registered in the past part with expansion in the development pace of CV isolated by the pace of rebate less the development rate in CV (Jafari, Mohammadi Rakhshani, 2017). The worth to-value proportion and the book esteem per share is determined with the use of the above-utilized recipe. Free Cash Flow for Kimberly-Clark Corporation For registering FCF, there is reformulation of accounting report proclamation. After therefore, the two figurings are done, which are depicted as follows: Net working resources = Operating resources Operating liabilities Money related resources Financial commitments In this circumstance, FCF is determined with the assistance of the accompanying recipe References: Chong, W. L., Chong, W. L., Ting, K. H., Ting, K. H., Cheng, F. F., Cheng, F. F. (2017). The presentation of remotely oversaw REITs in Asia: Further proof from free income and organization costs.Journal of Property Investment Finance,35(2), 200-227. Jafari, F., Mohammadi, H., Rakhshani, M. (2017). The effect of free income on estimated procuring achievement in organizations recorded in tehran stock exchange.Revista QUID,1(1), 2182-2191.

How to Get Free or Cheap Books for Your Classroom Library

How to Get Free or Cheap Books for Your Classroom Library You don't have to spend a lot of money to keep your classroom library stocked with great titles. Having a well-stocked classroom library is so important. You can inspire a love of reading in your students by surrounding them with a wide variety of books at all different levels. Unfortunately, books are expensive! On a teaching salary, we don’t have hundreds of dollars to spend on books, but there are ways you can get free and cheap books for your classroom. 1. Scholastic If you don’t already use Scholastic Book Clubs in your classroom, you need to start now! Every time your students buy books, you will earn points for your classroom. You can then use those points to get free books. I’ve added hundreds of dollars worth of brand new books to my classroom library through Scholastic. 2. Your Local Library When I first started teaching, I didn’t have many children’s books, but I did have a job at my local library. People constantly brought in book donations. The books the library already had or didn’t want were sold at an annual book sale where all of the paperback children’s books were only twenty-five cents. Check with your local library to see when they are having their next book sale. You'ill have to go through boxes or tables of books to pick out the best ones, but it’s completely worth it. You will end up with lots of gently used books for only a few dollars. 3. Garage Sales Another way to get good quality used books is by going to garage sales. Many families sell books after their children read them just a few times, so you can often get practically brand-new books for only ten cents at yard sales. Plus, make sure you mention that you’re a teacher. Some families will give you books for free once they know they're being put to good use. 4. Classroom Donations In my school district, students aren’t allowed to bring birthday treats anymore. Instead, we ask them to donate a book or board game to the classroom. The kids are always excited to write their names in the front of the books and add them to our classroom library. You can also send a newsletter home to your students’ families asking them to consider donating any books they have laying around at home. Most families are happy to get rid of books they no longer want to read and to help you build up your classroom library. 5. Get Free Books Online Getting all of these free and cheap books is great, but then you have to find places to store them and ways to organize your classroom library. Once all my library shelves were full, I started looking for other ways to get books for my students. E-books are a great solution! They don’t take up any space, and if your school district is 1:1 with technology, your students can access thousands of amazing books. My favorite source of e-books is Epic! Your students will have access to over 25,000 books, and the best part is that it’s completely free for educators. We all know that students only get better at reading by practicing and spending more time reading. With a library that is fully stocked with free and cheap books, every child in your classroom will be able to find something interesting, and their love of reading will grow. As a teacher, this is magical to watch, and knowing you didn’t spend a fortune on the books makes it even better.   What are your favorite ways to get free or cheap books? Share with us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest. Want more from this author? Check out Tara's tips for managing a chatty class and her money-saving ideas for teachers. Author Bio: Tara Dusko is a 3rd-grade teacher and mom of two. She blogs about ways to have a fun, low-stress year as a teacher at Teach Without Tears and about time and money-saving tips for moms at Flavors, Fashion, and Fun.

Schizophrenia And The Psychosis State - 1189 Words

Schizophrenia is described by abnormalities in an individual’s perception and expression of reality (Comer, 357). This abnormal perception and expression significantly interferes with normal daily living and functioning (Comer, 357). Thus, it is classified as a mental illness. Furthermore, it is a mental illness where the individual loses touch with reality-psychosis (NIHM). Schizophrenia and the psychosis state is characterized by 1) delusions (fixed false beliefs), 2) hallucinations (auditory and, or visual), 3) disorganized speech, 4) or catatonic speech and or behavior, 5) disorganized or catatonic behavior, and 6) negative symptoms (DSM-5; Comer, 360), In DSM-V, two of these five symptoms are required AND at least one symptom must be†¦show more content†¦Cognitive symptoms include: neurocognitive deficits (deficits in working memory and attention and in executive functions), difficulty understanding nuances for, of communication cues and relationships (Tamming M edoff, 340). There are many theories as to what the causes for, of schizophrenia are. Recent research indicates that schizophrenia is due to a genetic predisposition and environmental stressors in early development (during pregnancy and birth, and/or early childhood), leading to indirect changes in the brain (Comer, 370). These environmental stressors don’t dictate and guarantee an individual to form schizophrenia, but rather an increase in susceptibility (Comer, 370). Additional environmental factors and stressors later in life (during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood) can either damage the already vulnerable brain further or decrease the expression for schizophrenia (Comer, 370). Interestingly, increased paternal age is also associated with a greater risk of schizophrenia onset (NIHM). The risk of schizophrenia is increased in biologic relatives whom have schizophrenia (Comer, 371). The risk of schizophrenia in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia is 10% (NIHM). There is a 40% chance of having schizophrenia if both parents have it. (NIHM) â€Å"Concordance for schizophrenia is

Use Bond Energies to Find Enthalpy Change

You can use bond energies to find the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction. This example problem shows what to do. Review You may wish to review the laws of thermochemistry and endothermic and exothermic reactions before you begin. A table of single bond energies is available to help you. Enthalpy Change Problem Estimate the change in enthalpy, ΔH, for the following reaction: H2 (g) Cl2 (g) → 2 HCl (g) Solution To work this problem, think of the reaction in terms of simple steps: Step 1 The reactant molecules, H2 and Cl2, break down into their atoms. H2(g) → 2 H(g)Cl2(g) → 2 Cl(g) Step 2 These atoms combine to form HCl molecules. 2 H (g) 2 Cl (g) → 2 HCl (g) In the first step, the H-H and Cl-Cl bonds are broken. In both cases, one mole of bonds is broken. When we look up the single bond energies for the H-H and Cl-Cl bonds, we find them to be 436 kJ/mol and 243 kJ/mol, therefore for the first step of the reaction:​ ΔH1 (436 kJ 243 kJ) 679 kJ Bond breaking requires energy, so we expect the value for ΔH to be positive for this step. In the second step of the reaction, two moles of H-Cl bonds are formed. Bond breaking liberates energy, so we expect the ΔH for this portion of the reaction to have a negative value. Using the table, the single bond energy for one mole of H-Cl bonds is found to be 431 kJ: ΔH2 -2(431 kJ) -862 kJ By applying Hesss Law, ΔH ΔH1 ΔH2 ΔH 679 kJ - 862 kJΔH -183 kJ Answer The enthalpy change for the reaction will be ΔH -183 kJ.

The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children Free Essays

7 March 2012 Real Virtual Reality: The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children Droning away on the computer next to me, my friend is able to completely zone out his surroundings; with each click of the mouse, he is exclusively in the virtual world he creates. His constant need to disappear from society and to construct his own, compels me to question the reason of why he’s doing what exactly he is doing. I do not have an answer why he does what he does but at least he’s doing something that he can be good at. We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now However the reasons could be from a feeling of detachment from society or running away from a deeper problem that is put deep inside oneself and not directly confronted. Gaming is not the problem. It is merely something that is used to console and comfort. The excessive use of it, however, is what can hold harmful effects to normal behavior and social attitudes. It could turn into developing real psychological problems like social awkwardness , depression, difficulty in a job enviroment and relationships, being disconnected from reality and in some cases can develop into antisocial disorders. Meek 2) With the number of gamers and games increasing each year, (Sinclair) changes need to be done for our future generations to be more engaged and more responsive with society. Beginning with parenting in such way that sets a good example of what it means to be a responsible and productive citizen, such as active parenting and atively pursuing a better responive citizen. Raising children is indeed extremely difficult, time consuming, emotionally and physically exhausting, and is something to not to be considered lightly before having a child or children. To raise a child, is not only providing for their needs and showing affection, but also shaping the next generation of our society and what we as humans leave behind. An example is a very powerful and useful tool that we possess. A young child is very apt to learn and react to each and everything a parent does or does not do. From learning from subtle signals or gestures, to the life lessons and values that they will carry on with them to adulthood. Good parenting and good teaching does not simply mean turning kids loose. Good parents and good teachers need to do become more educated about what children and adolescents struggle with to become the best parent they can be. Although gaming might not always be the first choice as parents, parents spend a lot of time at soccer games and violin recitals and other things that is done not because they like them necessarily but because they matter to their kids. (Zur (a) 53) Many children find a sense of power and excitement in games. There is certainly nothing wrong with wanting power. However, the child may also be avoiding something undesirable in offline life, and dive into games to flee the real world. They can get caught up in this fantasy world that keeps them out of real life responsibilities and become addicted to the online world. An addiction the same as caffeine and nicotine. This may be affecting the child’s psychological and physical well-being. Growing children and teens need face-to-face interaction to develop healthly emotional, spiritual, social and sexually and too much time at the computer and not enough sunshine, exercise, physical contact, and face-to-face interaction can leave children and teens lacking in social skills and other development. Which can cause an over dependence on technology. The inability to relate or communicate effectively face-to-face alienates and isolates them from society. (Zur (c) 6) As video games become more realistic, their place in society becomes more apparent and at a level that is bigger than ever before imagined. We’ve all seen or heard stories about certain people that commit terrible acts allegedly under the influence of video games. It is easy to assume that fantasy gaming is â€Å"bad† or â€Å"harmful.    Indeed, it’s human nature to demonize what we don’t understand and fing a place for it that is away from sight and away from being affected by it. It seems to many that even â€Å"healthy† fantasy like reading Harry Potter books  or sketching dungeons with pencils has to be better than  fantasy like World of Warcraft, which numbs minds, sucks the imagination, and has no  redeeming value. Whether it be, parenting in a way that promotes more s ocial activity, self realization of how the excess of gaming can effect oneself, or the herapeutic procedures that can help alleviate from the trap of becoming addicted to the virtual world. Gilsdof said it best when we said, â€Å"Online gaming is not the problem, it is how people use it. Addiction is never in the object, the addiction is in the relationship one has with the object. Change begins in the person not the object†. (Gilsdof) Works Cited page Gamespot. Brendan Sinclair. 2008. Gamespot Inc. 3 March 2012. http://www. gamespot. com/news/npd-72-percent-of-us-are-gamers-6188668 Psych Central, Online Gaming Addicition. Will Meek, Ph. D. Psych Central. 3 March 2012 Psychology Today,. Ethan Gilsdof. Psychology Today. 3 March 2012. Richard Allan Bartle. Hearts, Clubs, Diamonds, Spade: Players Who Suit MUDs. Essex, UK: Muse Ltd. 1999 Zur Institute on the Internet. (a) Ofer Zur, Ph. D. 2011. Zur Institute LLC. 3 March 2012. Zur, Ofer, Ph. D. (b) The Adventure of Online Gaming. New York: Random House, 2003 Zur, Ofer, Ph. D. (c) Handling Internet Addiction Dissorder, (IAD) Chicago: University of Chicago Publishing, 2001 How to cite The Psychological Effect of Excessive Online Gaming in Teens and Children, Papers

Great Impact on The Legal Procedure of The Court

Question: What factors influenced each of these decisions? Read the dissenting opinions as well. Explore to what extent political ideology influences constitutional law. To support your points identify specific examples in the language of both decisions and dissents. Examine political climate when both cases were decided. Look at what philosophical underpinnings may have influenced the thinking of the court of the respective eras of these cases. How did the courts in each era read the U.S. CONSTITUTION differently? Answer: Introduction The rulers of the constituency use to apply several different types of law and Act in order to keep the rule and regulation of the constituency as well as the law and order of the constituency. These Acts generally use to keep peace in the specific constituency (Finkelman, 2009). One of the examples of these types of Act is the Separate Car ACT, as per this Act the US national use to get separate but equal right. According to the Act the Railroad provide separate compartment or sitting arrangement to the passenger as per their racial identity the white citizen have separate sitting arrangement as well as the colored citizens have separate sitting arrangement or separate compartment. Moreover, as per the Act the citizens of US have to obey the rule and as per their race they have to accommodate their position in the rail compartments. Besides this, violation of the rule can lead to adverse consequences to the citizens (Justia Law, 2016). Besides this, there is Act, which protect the r ight of the accused, means by this Act the accused have some basic rights and that should be full filled by the authority of the constituency. In order to discuss the Legal consequence where the political factor as well as current situation of the country influence the constitutional law, there are two important cases has been undertaken. Moreover, as per the two cases the discussion will be continued. The political factors and conditions of the constituency have great influence on the legal procedures. In the two cases Plessy V. Feruson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896) and Miranda V Arizona, 384 U.S. 436(1966) two different aspects of political influence of the legal procedures can be observed and that will be discussed in this easy. Factors influencing decisions of plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896) In the case of the plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), the Separate Car Act of the Louisiana was seemed to be challenged as for the violation of the 13th and the 14th amendments for the constitution. For the deliberating the judgement, Mr Justice Brown cancelled the disagreement of the Plessy. The opinions of the justice Brown in judgement clearly indicate the mood of the society at the ages of the 1970. It thereby provides the mirror for the customs and the usage in the society is taking place with the help of the creation of the reflection on the rights with the consideration of the particular era of law. It also reflects and accepts the considered rights by the bulk of the people of the picky era (Phan, 2004). It has been clearly proved from verses of the Justice Brown is that judgement also even considered the racisms context with the consideration of the Whites and the Blacks. Henceforth the consideration of the people also helps in the consideration of the acceptable activ ities never mingle with the biased ideologies pursued the periods of the plessy v. Ferguson. It thereby also focuses of the separation of the equal ensuring of the laws for the creation of the equal political ideology. This political ideology provides the essence that was followed during the times of the plessy v. Ferguson in order to endure that the law was equal for all with the separation of the essence of different cases. In this case of plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), the decision of the regulation of the district court helps in the creation of the conduction with the separation of the acts for the blacks and the whites. It also helps in the creation of equality for the appropriate consideration of the case plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896). With creation of partitioning the two coaches, the races are seemed to be discriminated and thereby the plessy was found to be guilt for case and there by the factors are also mentioned above. Factors influencing decisions of miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.s. 436 (1966) Miranda v. Arzona 384 U.S. 436 (1966), was significant verdicts that laid behind the constitutional rights of the indicted. In history, it is considered as one most famous case that was given in light of increasing brutalities on accused and suspects by the police which led to strained declaration of guilt of the offence by accused. The court gave decision in respect to the right of the suspects and of preventing forced confessions that are being used as the evidence in favour of prosecution. In this case, legal issues was solved which was essential for the law enforcing administrators to notify the charge of guaranteed rights by the constitution and the statements made by verdict who are subjected to the custodial questioning by police during the prosecution of the individual was informed under 5th amendment of constitution of his privilege. The test of totality of the circumstances or voluntariness was commonly employed by courts in order to determine the admission permissibility b y accuse in the criminal matter (Barker 2005). The decision was engaged on the basis of case as to whether confession or admission completed by accused is allowable as the confirmation in prosecution. The question arises is that the admissibility is being determined on randomly and also on base of pressure amount that the police exerted on accused. The court arrived on decision that the accused was not treated by police very badly and it would permit admission prepared by suspects to police. The accused would have demonstrated the substantial force used by police and declaration of guilt of suspects should not be legally recognized which the prosecution must use. The indistinctness in the case considered as one of most significant factors that have prejudiced the decisions on case of Miranda (Mann 2009). The Supreme Court reversed the conviction of the Miranda. Warren, the chief justice held that an individual deprived from his freedom should be informed of his rights and should be warned of what he says that could be used against him in law court. Therefore, he should inform about all his rights to have a legal representative present during the investigation. The person can ignore his rights once he was warned at his discretion. Justice White and Justice Harlan gave a dissenting opinion. The Justice Harlan explains that the rules not informed because the suspect would be protected from the police brutality. The Justice White states that the urge is natural in custody and statement could not be made in the protection unless a protective device is prescribed by court are to be employed. The Justice White states that it was not suitable for criminal justice system (Shaw 2003). The mainstream conclusion in the following case was the demonstration of the poor understanding of the constitution law. Examine political climates for both cases The political ideology also helps in the provision of the consequences with the creation of the essence3 of the Separate Car Act that helps in the accommodation of the whites and the blacks in the rail road car with the consideration of equality between each other. It thereby enhances the ulterior discrimination against the blacks and henceforth the law decides the enhancement of the sense of the equality in between the races and thereby avoids racism. As per the statute of the Justice Brown, the statute implies the enhancement of the discrimination of the races in amid the whites and the coloured races difference which provides colours of two races (Supreme Court of the United States. Plessy v. Ferguson. May 18, 1896, 1896). It also helps in the creation of the distinction which creates the ability for the legal equality rising with the enhancement of the political ideology of the two races and thereby the re-establishment of the two races takes place with the creation of the state of the involuntary servitude. The above judgement provides the window for the mind which helps in the creation of the similarity in favour of the creation of the discrimination with the creation of the segmentation as per the law. Brown showed the movement of the equality in between the blacks and the whites with the creation of the society gained forces which helps in securing the movement. These types of the racial discrimination of the laws in the 17th and the 18th centuries provide the reflection on the resentment among the people with the creation of protection against the discrimination among the blacks and thereby the amendments are made by the constitution to abolish the slavery and forced servitude. A long opinion was issued by the opinion of the issued by the John Marshall Harlan which showed to the acceptation of the inappropriate distinction of the citizen with the creation of the basic race and also helps in creation of hatred among the races (Tushnet, 1997). It also pr ovides the judgement of the inferiority in between the races thereby creating a sensitive reason for the black. It also helps in the creation of the pernicious decisions made by the creation of the tribunal in the Dred Scott Case. In the case of Miranda v. Arzona 384 U.S. 436 (1966) decisions has been criticized by saying that it was biased towards the criminals and adversely affecting the public safety and society. In the late 1960s the decisions were taken, the courts have take decisions to balance the rights of safety and suspects. In the 1980s and 1970s where courts in different cases relieve decisions in Miranda and authorized the protection officials control in order to compel the confession from the accused by not providing information and details about their human rights (Watson, Gleeson and Higgins 2013). The decision taken in Miranda case, in 2000 was upheld by 2 to 7 majority in matter of the Dickerson V. United States and it was showed that there was no explanation before the court for the Miranda that to be overruled and it had become the part of routine procedure. The decision shows the perception of judge and courts that ensure far trial to accused that has transformed the decision in Miranda in to a everyday practice that to be followed by the law officers. Conclusion The political factors and the political situation have great impact on the legal procedure of the court. These factors greatly influence the legal procedure of the constitution. In this easy, there are two different case of two different century has been undertaken in order to discuss the influence of the political factor on the legal case (HISTORY.com, 2016). In the first case of Plessy V. Feruson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896) it can be seen that in US there was separate car Act for their citizen. Moreover, according to the Act the sitting arrangement and space of the passenger in a rail would be determined by their colors and races. There are separate compartment for the white people and the colored people. Moreover, as per the Act the people are liable to take places in the compartment as per their race and violating the act proved harsh punishment to the citizen. Here in the case Plessy a colored people with a first class ticket entered to the compartment reserved for the white people. M oreover, after the railway officer fined him he complained that his fundamental right was violated (Supreme Court of the United States. Plessy v. Ferguson. May 18, 1896, 1896). Whereas, in the case of Miranda V Arizona, 384 U.S. 436(1966) the convicted Miranda appeal that his accused right has been violated. References Phan, H. (2004). A race so different: Chinese exclusion, the slaughterhouse cases , and Plessy v. Ferguson.Labor History, 45(2), pp.133-163. Supreme Court of the United States. Plessy v. Ferguson. May 18, 1896. (1896).The Virginia Law Register, 2(5), p.327. Tushnet, M. (1997). "Plessy V. Ferguson" in Libertarian Perspective.Law and Philosophy, 16(3), p.245. Barker, David. 2005.Essential Australian Law. Sydney, N.S.W.: Cavendish. Mann, Trischa. 2009.Australian Law Dictionary. South Melbourne, Vic.: Oxford University Press. Shaw, Malcolm N. 2003.International Law. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. Watson, J. A, Justin T Gleeson, and Ruth C. A Higgins. 2013.Historical Foundations Of Australian Law. Annandale, N.S.W.: Federation Press. Finkelman, P. (2009).Encyclopedia of African American history, 1896 to the present. New York: Oxford University Press. HISTORY.com. (2016).Plessy v. Ferguson - Black History - HISTORY.com. [online] Available at: https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/plessy-v-ferguson [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Justia Law. (2016).Miranda v. Arizona 384 U.S. 436 (1966). [online] Available at: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/384/436/case.html [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Supreme Court of the United States. Plessy v. Ferguson. May 18, 1896. (1896).The Virginia Law Register, 2(5), p.327.

Export and Import Substitution Policies

Abraham Lincoln Essay Example

Abraham Lincoln Essay Example Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln in the US History Abraham Lincoln, the greatest man in U.S. history, had many great accomplishments for this nation throughout his presidency. The most significant of these accomplishments was the abolishment of slavery.His love for America motivated him to do what he knew to be just.Lincoln had a meaningful, but shortened life, but he still accomplished more things than most other people in their lifetimes.Abraham Lincoln, the greatest man in U.S. history, had a childhood, education, and achievements that are exceptionally commendable. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in a log cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. (Donald 22; Neely 347)Abe liked to work outdoors, and was raised to do farm work. (Sandburg 14; Neely 347)When Abe was seven, his family moved to Indiana. (Donald 23)Partly on account of slavery, Abraham recalled, but chiefly on account ofdifficulty in land titles in Kentucky. (Neely 347)His formal education he received in an Indiana Blab School, using only the spelling book. (A ngle 23)He loved to read, especially the Bible, Aesops Fables, and Robinson Crusoe, to name a few. (Angle 23-24)In 1817, his grandparents Tom and Betsey Sparrow died of milk sick.Abes mother also died from this on October 15, 1818. (Sandburg 11) Lincoln reached his full height, 64, before he was 20.Abe was thin, awkward, big-boned, and strong in the arms. (Baritt 313)Abe was interested in politics, and would walk 30 miles to a courthouse to hear lawyers speak and to see how they argued.Abe also heard political speakers and mimicked them.In 1830, he made hisfirst political speech, on improving the Sangamoon River for better navigation. (Sandburg 15, 21) On March 1, 1830, he left for Illinois to the town of New Salem, looking for a career to pursue. (Sandburg 20)In 1831, however, he was still unsure of his career.

Domestic Terrorism Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Domestic Terrorism - Term Paper Example As a result, the disintegration of political, economic, and social functions occurs (McCann, 2006). Domestic terrorism continues to plague the USA because of the difference in perspectives between individuals partaking in acts termed as acts of terrorism and victims of these acts. Those involved in such acts use their ideologies as a basis of justification; however misguided their actions might be, they do not consider themselves terrorists. On the contrary, they view themselves as heroes ascribing heroic qualities to their actions. Despite this disagreement, all parties agree on the forms terrorist acts take, which include systematic or nonsystematic warfare covertly displayed. However, in some extreme cases, the display of warfare occurs openly, for example, in the cases of suicide bombing. Moreover, people also agree on the role played by political, religious, and, social ideologies as being the driving force behind acts of terrorism. This essay analyzes the historical context of domestic terrorism in America; compares and contrasts domestic and international terrorism and addresses the psychological impact of domestic terrorism (McCann, 2006). 2. Domestic Terrorism in America. ... stitution of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the official introduction of the American dream happened and with this came the introduction of hope among citizens. However, as time elapsed, many begun to distrust the core values outlined by the Declaration of Independence (Don, 2010). This happened when individuals noted the disparities in equality compounded by the differences in race, religion, and, political ideologies among other factors. Increasing levels of distrust resulted in acts of domestic terrorism. People resorted to inhumane warfare tactics with the aim of raising awareness on their frustrations. The acts of terror can be classified according to the period in which they occurred. These include; post civil war, 1920s communist and anarchist violence, and, domestic terrorism (1960s & 1970s). Post-civil war acts of terrorism begun as early as 1622 when Native Americans waged war on the Jamestown colony, where they ended up killing 30% of the population. The Powhatan Native Americans rebelled because of the encroachment and forceful eviction of their population by White settlers. Their actions served to highlight their displeasure with the White settlers who showed little regard for the ancestral occupants of the land. However, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) formed in 1967, represented the first officially recognized terrorist organization in the USA. Led by former Confederate Nathan Bedford, the KKK initially sought to represent social issues, however, their goals got misdirected in 1868, whereby, its followers turned to violence. The KKK represented white supremacist ideologies, which looked down upon Black Americans. The 1920s saw the communists, and anarchist acts of terrorism spread through the USA. The USA’s ideologies are individualistic in nature,

Property law exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Property law exam questions - Essay Example Garcia and other persons or entities that may later on claims interest on the property. By virtue of its nature, an annotation on the Torrens Title is indefeasible. Where there is clear showing that the property is held under the Torrens Title, the argument in Garcia shall not be applicable. Reliance on the mortgage and guarantee executed over the couple’s home as evidence by the annotation in the Torrens Title is enough to bind the couple and other interested persons. a. My advice to Ms. Tomasina Jones is to seek redress in court based on the argument of prior right over the property and the fact that it was sold without her consent and authority. She can file a case against Ms. Thompson for fraud and recovery of property. Since Ms. Esther Asterix have not registered the sale and could not be held the absolute owner thereof thus Ms. Jones can claim prior right. Furthermore, since Ms. Thompson unduly enriched herself on the expense of Ms. Asterix, she shall be liable to return the money to Ms. Asterix plus damages. To best understand how the case metamorphosed, let us go back to the facts. Ms. Jones is a holder in fee simple where she has all the rights towards the property. In the case at bar, she employed Thomson Thompson to manage the far in her absence. Unfortunately, Ms. Thompson found the certificate of title concealed in an old Tim Tam Indulgence tin and used the same to sell the land to Esther Asterix. Ms. Asterix paid the valuation on a walk-in-walk-out basis, which is valid under the Conveyancing Act 1919. At the time of the sale Ms. Asterix have no idea that Ms. Thompson was not really the true owner of the property, making her a purchaser in good faith2 under Section 29B of the Conveyancing Act 1919. Under this section, â€Å"an instrument purporting to exercise a legal or equitable power of appointment over property, which, in

Theories of Satellite Imagery and Fractal Concepts

Theories of Satellite Imagery and Fractal Concepts Introduction Many applications based on using satellite imagery in a quantitative fashion require classification of image regions into a number of relevant categories or distinguishable classes. Classification is a means of complementing retrieval. Satellite image classification is a clustering method based on image features, the classification results are represented by visualization techniques [Ant05]. Fractal geometry provides a suitable textural image classification framework by studying the nature irregularity shapes in the image, since it allows to easily describing such fractal images. The fractal geometry can recognize small image segment that characterized by its spectral uniformity, this necessitate first to segment the image before the classification. The main characteristics of fractal images are that they are continuous but not differentiable that allows showing the fine details at any arbitrarily small scale [Iod95]. This chapter presents an introduction to the fundamentals of satellite imagery and fractal concepts: Satellite imagery includes a brief description to the satellite imagery technology that useful to understand the main characteristics of satellite images. Whereas, the fractal concepts are mentioned to explain some regards when considering the fractal geometry techniques in digital image processing. Fractal characterizations are discussed to show the fractal features may found in satellite images. Also, some interested fractal measurements are mentioned to be applied on satellite images for purpose of classification. Later, the interested techniques of image segmentation and classification are given. Satellite Imagery Satellites are greatly used in remote sensing imagery, they have several unique characteristics enable to remote sense the Earths surface [Pan96]. The satellite senses electromagnetic energy at different wavelengths reflected by objects to produce the satellite images as shown in Figure (2.1). Visible satellite images are made of satellite signals received by visible channels that senses reflected solar radiation. Visible imagery is available only during daylight since it produced by reflected sunlight. The major advantage of using the visible imagery is due to it can gives higher resolution images than other imagery bands, so smaller features can be distinguished with visible imagery. The problem faces visible imagery is that clouds are shown white, while land and water surfaces are shaded. Clouds are Earths atmosphere, which absorb and reflect incoming solar radiation and leads to hide the fine details of the Earth surface under consideration [San04]. The two primary sensor types in the satellite are the optical and radar. Optical sensors are concerned with the imaging by visible and infrared radiation. While the radar sensors use microwaves to create an image, which enable the sensor to see through clouds and in night. In addition, multi-spectral, hyper-spectral and multi-polarization sensors are operated at different bands to improve the detection of objects under the sea or ground. Table (2.1) presents characteristics of the most popular optical satellites [ERD13]. Table (1.1) The most Popular optical satellites [ERD13] Satellite Mission life Spatial resolution (m) Panchromatic Multispectral Hyperspectral IRS 1988 / 03 0.80 73.00 Landsat 7 1999 / 07 15.00 30.00 60.00 IKONOS 1999 / 09 1.00 4.00 RapidEye 1999 / 12 5.00 ASTER 1999 / 12 15.00 30.00 – 90.00 MODIS 1999 / 12 250.00 500 1000 EROS 2000 / 12 0.50 – 0.90 QuickBird 2001 / 10 0.61 2.40 SPOT 5 2002 / 02 2.50 – 5.00 10.00 OrbView-3 2003 / 09 1.00 4.00 ALOS 2006 / 06 10.00 WorldView-1 2007 / 09 0.40 GeoEye-1 2008 / 09 0.41 1.65 WorldView-2 2009 / 06 0.41 1.80 Pleiades 2011 / 07 0.50 1.00 Many satellite imagery platforms are designed to follow an orbit determined by the direction from north to the south of the Earth, which is conjunct to the Earths rotation (from the west to east of the Earth). This setting of satellites allows them to cover most of the Earths surface (The coverage is called swath) over a certain period of time. More details about the satellite orbit and swath are given in the following subsections [Asr89]: Satellite Orbit Orbit is the path followed by a satellite. Satellite orbits are determined according to the capability and objective of carried sensors. The selection of orbit is depending on altitude, orientation, and rotation of the satellite relative to the Earth. Geostationary satellites revolve at speeds are matching the rotation of the Earth at altitudes of approximately 36000 km as Figure (2.2-a) shows. This makes the satellites to observe and collect information continuously over the considered areas. The common types of such orbits are found in weather and communications satellites. Whereas, most of satellite imagery are set to be used the near polar orbits, which indicates that the satellite moves northward along one side of Earth and then toward the southern pole on the second half of its orbit as Figure (2.2-b) shows. This trajectory is called ascending and descending passes, which are clearly shown in Figure (2.2-c). Moreover, there are sun-synchronous satellite orbits that cover each a rea on the Earths surface at a constant local time of day called local sun time. The ascending pass of sun-synchronous satellite is almost covers the shadowed side of the Earth while the descending pass is covering the sunlit side. This motion credits same illumination conditions when imaging specific area in periodic seasons over successive years [Pan96]. Swath Swath is imaged area on the surface of the Earth when the satellite around revolves, as Figure (2.3) shows. Swath covers an area is varying between tens and hundreds of kilometers wide. When the satellite rotates about the Earth from pole to pole, it seems to be shifted westward due to the rotation of the Earth (from west to east). This motion enables the satellite swath to cover a new area at each successive pass. The satellites orbit and Earths rotation work together to make complete coverage of the Earths surface when completing one orbital cycle. In near polar orbits, areas at high latitudes will be imaged more frequently than that ling at equatorial zone, this is due to the overlapping occurred in adjacent swaths when the orbit paths come closer together near the poles [Cam02]. If the satellites orbit start with any randomly selected pass, then the orbit cycle will be completed at the time when the satellite retraces its path, this is happen when the same point on the Earths surface become directly below the satellite (such point is called the nadir point) for a second time. The exact time period of the orbital cycle will vary at each satellite. Such that, the time interval required for the satellite to complete its orbital cycle is not the same as the revisit period [Sab97]. Satellite Image Scanning The satellite scanning produces digital images using detectors to measure the brightness of reflected electromagnetic energy. The scanner employs a detector with a narrow field of view which sweeps across the terrain, the parallel scan lines are combined together to produce an image as Figure (2.4) shows [Add10]. The most widely type used scanners is across-track (such as a Whiskbroom used in Quick Bird satellite), which uses rotating mirrors to scan the Earths surface from side to side perpendicular to the direction of the sensor platform. The function of rotating mirrors is redirecting the reflected light to be focused at the sensor detector(s). In such case, the moving mirrors create spatial distortions that can be corrected by processing the received data before delivering the image data into the user. The most significant advantage of whiskbroom scanner is the fewer sensor detectors that keeping data calibration. Another type of scanner is the along-track scanner (such as the pu sh broom scanner used in Spot satellite) that does not use rotating mirrors, it uses a sensor detectors are arranged in a rows called a linear array. Instead of scanning from side to side as the sensor system moves forward, the one dimensional sensor array captures the scanned line at once. Furthermore, some recent scanners are step stare based scanners, they contain two-dimensional arrays in rows and columns for each band. It is important to mention that the push broom scanner is smaller, lighter, and less complex due to fewer moving parts than whiskbroom scanner. Also push broom scanner gives better radiometric and spatial resolution. A major disadvantage of push broom scanner is the calibration that required due to a large number of detectors found in the sensor system [Bui93]. A multi-spectral scanner is a space borne remote sensing system that simultaneously acquires images of the same scene at different wavelengths. The sensors of a multi-spectral scanner are normally working in specific parts of the spectral range from 0.35ÃŽ ¼m up to 14ÃŽ ¼m. These specific parts of the spectrum in which remote sensing observation are made, are called bands or channels. The number of bands or channels varies largely from system to another [Add10]. Two important advantages of multi-spectral scanning are [Lil04]: Objects at the surface of the earth have varying reflection behavior through the optical spectrum; they can be recognized and/or identified more easily using several spectral bands than using just one band. A large number of objects do not reflect radiation very well in the visible part of the spectrum. Remote sensing observations outside the visible wavelengths or in combination with observations in the visible spectrum produce a much more contrasting image, which is helpful to identify objects or to determine their condition. Satellite Image Resolution Image resolution is the capability of sensor to observe the smallest object clearly with distinct boundaries. Resolution is often referred to count pixels in digital image. Usually, the pixel resolution is described by set of two positive integer numbers, where the first number is the width of the image (i.e. number of pixel columns) and the second is the height of the image (i.e. number of pixel rows). Whereas, the cite resolution is the total count of pixels in the image, which typically given in megapixels, and can be calculated by multiplying width by height of the image and then dividing by one million as Figure (2.5) shows [Zho10]. In satellite imagery, ground resolution indicates the Ground Sample Distance (GSD) that refers to the size of ground area covered by one pixel. For an image of 0.6m ground resolution, each pixel records an average reflected color of area 0.6m by 0.6m. The fewer meter per pixel, the higher the resolution of the image. The particular ground resolution is an important parameter when taking vertical aerial images. Satellites of various ground resolutions are listed in Table (2.2) [ERD13]. In addition to GSD, there are four types of resolution when discussing satellite imagery, they are: spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal. More details about each one are given in the following subsections [Ren99]: Table (2.2) Most interest satellite features [ERD13] Feature QuickBird Landsat -7 GeoEye -1 IKONOS WorldView -2 Pleiades GSD 0.61m 15m 0.41m 1m 0.5m 0.5m Swath width 16.5 km 185km 15km 13km 16.4km 20km Multispectral Yes yes yes yes yes yes Revisit time 3-4 days 16 days 2-3 days 1-3 days 2-3 days 2-3 days Spatial Resolution The discrimination of image details is depending on the spatial resolution of the sensor, which refers to the ability of detecting the smallest possible feature in the image. Spatial resolution of sensors depends primarily on their Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV).The IFOV is related to the angular cone of visibility of the sensor that determines the ground are seen from a given altitude at one particular moment in time. The size of the viewed area is determined by multiplying the IFOV by the distance from the sensor to ground. This ground area is called the cell resolution and determines the maximum spatial resolution of the sensor [Sab97]. Spectral Resolution Many remote sensing systems use several separate wavelength ranges at various spectral resolutions when imaging the ground areas. These are referred to as multi-spectral sensors. Advanced multi-spectral sensors called hyperspectral sensors, which detect hundreds of very narrow spectral bands in the visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The use of spectral resolution improve the informatic store of specific ground area since there are very high spectral resolution facilitates leads to fine discrimination between different targets based on their spectral response when using each narrow bands [Lil04]. Radiometric Resolution The radiometric characteristics describe the actual information of image contents. Radiometric resolution is the sensitivity of the sensor to the magnitude of the electromagnetic energy that describes its ability to discriminate little differences in the energy. The finer radiometric resolution of sensors the more sensitive for detecting small differences in reflected or emitted energy [Bui93]. Digitally, radiometric resolution is the number of bits comprising each pixel in the image, which indicates the brightness level of current pixel. Brightness levels are digitally represented by a positive numbers varies from 0 to a selected power of 2. The available maximum brightness level depends on the number of bits used to represent the recorded energy. Thus, if the sensor uses 8bits for data recording, then there are 28=256 digital values are available within the range from 0 to 255 [San04]. Temporal Resolution Temporal resolution is related to the revisit period of a satellite sensor. The temporal resolution is the period of a remote sensing system that images the same area appeared at the same viewing angle for second time. The actual temporal resolution is typically measured by days, it depends on three factors: satellite capabilities, swath overlapping, and latitude. The ability of image collection in same area at different periods is an important element for applying remote sensing data. Spectral characteristics of given areas may change over the time and these changes can be detected by collecting and comparing multi-temporal images. When imaging on a continuing basis at different times, change on the Earth surface whether they are naturally occurring or induced by humans can be monitored [Lev99]. Fractal Theory In the 1970s, Benoit B. Mandelbrot introduced his discovery as a new field of mathematics named as fractal geometry (from Latin fractus, i.e. irregular fragmented). He claimed that the fractal geometry would provide a useful tool to explain a variety of naturally occurring phenomena [Man83]. A fundamental characteristic of fractal objects is that their measured metric properties such as length or area are a function of the scale of measurement [Sun06]. Mandelbrots fractal geometry is the best approximation and the most widely used successful mathematical model [Man88]. Fractal objects can be found everywhere in nature such as coastlines, fern trees, snowflakes, clouds and mountains. Self-similarity is one of the most important properties of fractals, invariant scale, and non-integer dimension [Man83]. Fractal geometry is not concerned with the explicit shape of objects. Instead, fractal geometry identifies the value that quantifies the shape of the objects surface by the fractal dimension DF. For example, a line is commonly thought of as 1D object, a plane as a 2D object, and a prism as a 3D object. All these dimensions have integer values. However, the surfaces of many natural objects cannot be described with an integer value, such objects are said to have a fractional dimension. According to Mandelbrot, the fractal can be defined as â€Å"A rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts, each is (at least approximately) a reduced size copy of the whole†. In term of Mathematics, fractal can be defined as â€Å"A set of points whose fractal dimension exceeds its topological dimension† [Man83]. Fractal geometry uses the fractal features to describe the irregular or fragmented shapes of natural features as well as other complex objects that the tra ditional Euclidean geometry fails to analyze [Ana11].

Importance of Group Essay

According to Social Boundaries and Adherence to a Special Set of Norms Some sociologists do not consider these kinds of organization per se as mentioned in the succeeding section while other sociologists classify them as types of organization based on social boundaries and their adherence to a special set of norms (Zulueta, 2002). 1. Categorical Group A categorical group refers to a social grouping where members tend to share certain characteristics and interests and are aware of their similarities with other in their own social category. Ex. Students, teachers, farmers, senior citizens, fish vendors and other related groups. 2. Aggregate Group An aggregate group denotes a social grouping whose members stay in one place, but do not necessarily interact with each other. The members of this group are concerned only with their own feelings and attitudes. Ex. People forming a single line in the Araneta Center to buy tickets for the basketball game of their favorite player in the Philippine Basketball Association. 3. Collective Group A collective group refers to a crowd whose members are not governed with laws or norms, but share the same beliefs that motivates them to action. Examples are the EDSA People Power 1 and 2, a mass demonstration for a common cause and others. 4. Associational Group An associational group is composed of a group of people who organize themselves to pursue a common interest with a formal organizational structure such as the Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC), Philippine Basketball Association (PBA), Philippine Association for Teacher Education (PAFTE) and many others. In an associational group, there is a set of officers elected by its members which is responsible for running the association. According to Interaction and Relationship General classifications of groups according to their manner of interaction and relationship are: 1. Primary Group A primary group refers to small, informal group of people who interact in a more personal, intimate manner and who always have direct and face-to-face communication with each other. It includes the family, neighborhood and play groups. The primary group is characterized by Cooley as the nursery of human nature because it is the group where the child is socialized, acquires and experiences love, affection, sympathy, kindness, tolerance, fairness, loyalty and justice. The individual learns the meaning of personal worth and dignity of a person. 2. Secondary Group A secondary group involves indirect, impersonal interaction where members are forced to interact because of business transactions and the like. The business-like, impersonal and formal interactions of secondary groups allow the members to focus on their special skills. The members of secondary groups can function effectively because of the absence of the touch of familiarity where subjectivity comes in. According to Membership Other classifications of groups which are more specific as to membership are as follows: 1. In-group An in-group refers to a group of people whose sense of belongingness is strong. The members have a strong â€Å"we-feeling†, share common orientation, come from the same background, roots and origin and adhere to the ideology. An in-group is further characterized by a feeling of companionship and a great sense of loyalty. 2. Out-group The out-group is exactly the opposite of the in-group. This group is made up of people whose feelings are antagonistic to the group itself. There is physical membership but in mind and heart, the members dislike the group because of the concept that another group is superior to their group. An out-group is a stereotype where members of the group have specialized trademarks. 3. Reference Group A reference group is a group where people identify themselves physically and psychology to which other people refer in evaluating their behavior and actions. The group becomes the individual’s frame of reference in relation to his/her motivations, aspirations, experiences, attitudes and social affiliations. Oftentimes, a reference group tends to give an impression to a particular person as to his/her social, economic and even political status in the community. Sometimes, individual try to identify themselves with groups whose standing is well-known regionally, nationally or even internationally to demand high respect and special treatment from others. 4. Peer Group A peer group refers to a small kind of grouping whose members have the same level, interests and economic standing in the community. This is exemplified in school among students. Consciously and unconsciously, the members group themselves because they share the same interests and talents and perhaps their parents also share the same. There is also a sense of belongingness, sympathy and loyalty among themselves. 5. Voluntary Association A voluntary association, as the name suggests, is an organization where membership is free and voluntary. Though voluntary in nature, members follow some sets of rules or policies. Examples are civic-oriented groups whose primary purpose is to deliver some social benefits to the deprived, depressed and underserved (DDU) sectors of our society. Voluntary associations are found in some relatively simple societies composed of members with varied and competing interests. Here are some voluntary associations: * Military Associations Military associations are noncommercial societies whose goals are to unite members through their common experiences. * Secret Societies Secret societies are characterized principally by limited membership and by secret rituals generally believed to increase the supernatural powers of its members. * Regional Associations Regional associations are clubs that bring together migrants from common geographical backgrounds. Regional groupings actually give rise to out-groups, particularly when in a foreign milieu. According to Their Nature, Form, Objectives and Interaction Some sociologists have identified other social groupings based on their nature, form and objectives and how members relate with each other. These are the formal and informal groups. 1. Informal Group The informal group is the most common type of grouping based on nature, form, objectives and interaction. It occurs when two or more people interact with each other on issues affecting their welfare. An informal group can be a product of an impulsive act but later on grows into a partnership endeavor with the constant sharing of emotions and sentiments of the members. The group ensures cooperation from each member because of their sense of belongingness and self-confidence. 2. Formal Group A formal group is an organization where the specific organizational structure is constructed to achieve specific goals and objectives. This group has to fulfill a variety of specialized social and personal needs that influence one’s personality. Regardless of its nature, a formal organization has established philosophy, mission, vision and goals as its guiding premises in the discharge of its function. It is in this concern that formal organizations meet their fundamental needs to continue their collaborative efforts to attain these aspirations in a highly complex, industrial and business society.

Presentation Critique Essay

To analyze verbal and nonverbal techniques that will enhance oral communication with a business and/ or professional context in this paper, first let look as the verbal communication. Verbal communication happens through the use of words. It must be understood that communication has to depend on the language that has been designed, developed and propagated by humans. As a result, it suffers from a lot of limitation despite the fact that some languages of the world are very developed and command a vast vocabulary. Non-Verbal communication uses signs, signals, gestures, expressions and sounds. In common parlance, nonverbal is also called body language. As a rule, it does not lie or mislead unless someone has mastered the art of deceit or camouflaging. With this basic of taught, verbal communication depends on the language that has been designed or develop, while nonverbal uses signs, signals, expression. Therefore, nonverbal does not lie or mislead. To assess the strength and weakness in the student’s own oral communication and in the other oral communication you must: * Emphasize the practical importance of strong teamwork skill, i.e the value of teamwork skill in (outside) the workplace by offering real-world example of how teams function and illustrating what can go wrong when teamwork skill are weak or strong. * Establish ground rules, i.e. create ground rules for group behavior or ask student’s to do it themselves. Group ground rules can include things such as: return e-mail from group member within 24 to 48 hours, come to meetings on time and prepared, meet deadline, and listen to what your teammates have to say. To write clearly and concisely using proper writing mechanics, you must look at the context of the topic or what the topic ask you to write on. Also write for your audiences to understand. Therefore, do not use back to back words whenever you are write business letter.

Us Foreign Policy During The Vietnam War Containment And...

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During the Nixon administration, the US switched to a policy, later known as Vietnamization, where the main goal was to strengthen the South Vietnamese forces and provide them with better armaments so they can better defend themselves. Vietnamization proved to be ineffective as t he South Vietnamese forces were unable to hold their own against the North without US air support as proven during Operation Lam Son 719 and the Easter Offensive. The signing of the Paris Peace Accords officially ended US involvement in the Vietnam War. The US followed containment policies during beginning of the war due to the underlying fear of the spread of communism and since the policies were inherited from previousShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Identity And Security1400 Words   |  6 Pagesidentity. 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